Introduction:
Personality is a complex set of traits, values and behaviors that are grouped together to form one's unique identity. There are many components that make up personality. It is hard to separate these components into one specific category because there is no clear dividing line between some of them. However, personality doesn't rely on just one trait or action — rather it's made up of different facets.
There are many things that make up a person's personality, but first we need to understand the definition of personality. Personality is the sum total of an individual's characteristics. Some of these characteristics can be thought out and developed (introversion or extroversion, etc) but others are more innate (such as socioeconomic status). Personality is based on genetic factors but also has a lot to do with environmental influences such as peer groups.
Psychoanalytic theory
According to psychoanalytic theory, personality is a dynamic and malleable entity that evolves over time. It is influenced by external events and internal experiences. The individual's mental processes are also shaped by life experiences.
In this way, personality is not fixed; it changes with life events, such as the death of a loved one or the loss of a job. Personality can also be affected by an individual's environment, such as being raised in an abusive home or having a parent who was in an abusive relationship.
The main components of personality are:
- The ego. This is the part of the psyche that deals with our sense of self, who we think we are, and how we view ourselves in relation to others.
- The superego. This is the part of the psyche that deals with our moral beliefs, values, and conscience. It also deals with emotional life and how we feel about others and ourselves as a result of our actions.
- The self system. This is the part of the mind that deals with how we perceive other people’s feelings toward us and how they perceive ours toward them. It also involves how we see ourselves in relation to others and whether or not we can be trusted or relied upon by others.
- The personal unconscious. This is an area of the mind that deals with repressed memories, feelings, emotions, and urges—as well as dreams and fantasies that are not conscious to you at this time but may be stored there for future retrieval if needed (see Freud's psychoanalytic theory).
Behavioral theory
The behavioral theory of personality is based on the assumption that personality is a set of behaviors that can be taught. These behaviors include the ability to control emotions, to think logically and to plan ahead. By teaching these skills, the child can develop a more organized, controlled way of thinking and behaving.
The behavioral theory of personality was developed by psychologist John B. Watson in 1920. He believed that there were three major components to human behavior: birth order, temperament and reinforcement (reward). Birth order refers to how siblings interact with each other during their early years; temperament refers to how people react naturally or easily; and reinforcement refers to the rewards or punishments they receive from parents or others when they do something wrong or right.
The behavioral approach to personality is based on the idea that personality is a product of our behavior and thoughts, which can be modified by our environment. The theory goes on to say that the environment we grow up in has a huge impact on our personalities and what we will become as adults.
The behavioral model of personality is divided into two parts: biological and social. Biological factors include things such as genetics, hormones, and physical appearance. Social factors include things like family upbringing and friends you make throughout your life. All these factors combine to create who we are as individuals.
Cognitive theory
Cognitive theory is a psychological construct that focuses on the mind, or the brain. The cognitive theory of personality is one of the most well known and widely used models of personality, which was developed by Carl Rogers, who was a pioneer in the field of behavior therapy.
The cognitive theory of personality focuses on how people think about themselves and others, and how they make decisions. It also looks at how people think about themselves in relation to other people. In other words, it examines what makes you unique as an individual and what makes you different from everyone else.
The cognitive theory is one of the earliest theories, dating back to the late 19th century. It is also known as the psychodynamic theory, which states that personality is a result of how we think and feel.
The cognitive theory holds that personality can be understood as a set of thoughts, emotions and behaviors which are learned through observation and experience. The theory states that our personalities develop slowly over time through interactions with others and experiences in life.
The cognitive model of personality has four major components:
- Cognitive style: The way an individual thinks about things (e.g., creative versus analytical).
- Impulsivity: A person's tendency to act on their impulses without thinking about consequences or consequences for others.
- Extraversion: A person's desire for social interaction with others.
- Agreeableness: A person's desire for harmony and cooperation with others.
Humanistic theory
Humanistic theory is a broad, theoretical approach to studying personality. It focuses on more than just the characteristics of an individual, but also on how they interact with other people, their environment and how they react to events in their lives.
Humanistic psychologists believe that personality is made up of both stable and unstable tendencies. They believe that people are born with some traits and these can be either more healthful or more problematic for them.
The humanistic approach to personality has its roots in Abraham Maslow's hierarchy of needs; it also draws on the work of Carl Rogers and Viktor Frankl. This approach looks at the whole person rather than just focusing on certain aspects such as intelligence, creativity or even physical appearance.
The humanistic theory of personality is a psychological orientation that emphasizes the importance of subjective experience and personal meaning. The main components of this theory are:
1. Personal Growth: Personality traits may change over time as a result of ongoing experiences and interactions with others.
2. Self-Determination: Individuals have the ability to create their own personalities through the choices they make and actions they take in life.
3. Interacting with Others: Personality is influenced by our interactions with other people, which can be positive (beneficial) or negative (harmful).
Conclusion:
Personality has long been a topic of interest to psychologists, and when looking at personality as a whole, one must consider five main components: openness, conscientiousness, extroversion, agreeableness, and neuroticism. The idea that there are five basic components to personality makes a lot of sense because it keeps things simple and easy. Of course, it may still be hard for some to understand how each of these components contributes to the makeup of a person's personality, but one just needs to pay attention in order to notice the different traits in other people.
People with high N and E scores were generally found to be relatively well-adjusted within their social environment. They demonstrated empathy and self-confidence, which enabled them to deal with the situations they encountered from day to day life. It also showed that they are able to find enjoyment in their lives and easily interact with others.
People with high N and E scores were generally found to be relatively well-adjusted within their social environment. They demonstrated empathy and self-confidence, which enabled them to deal with the situations they encountered from day to day life. It also showed that they are able to find enjoyment in their lives and easily interact with others.
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